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Nine Rules for Creating Good XML

Mar 7, 2008

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Rule 2: All Tags Must Be Closed

When a tag is declared (opened), it must also be closed. Any unclosed tags will break the code. Even tags that don’t need to be closed in HTML must be closed in XML or XHTML. To open a tag, type the name of the element between less-than (<) and greater-than (>) characters, like this opening tag:

<author>

To close a tag, repeat the opening tag exactly, but insert a slash in front of the tag name, like this closing tag:

</author>

Even empty tags, such as <hr> and <br>, must be closed.

Wrong:

<author>Ernest Hemingway
<p>Roses are Red
<hr>

Right:

<author>Ernest Hemingway</author>
<p>Roses are Red</p>
<hr></>
<hr />

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